Gusukura lazeri no gutoragura nuburyo bubiri butandukanye bwo kuvura hejuru yicyuma.Isuku ya Laser nuburyo bwo gutunganya ibyuma bikoresha urumuri rwa lazeri rutangwa na generator ya laser kugirango bitange ingufu nyinshi zo gukuraho ingese, gusiga irangi, no gukuraho ibifuniko.Gutoranya nuburyo bwo kuvura bukoreshwa mugukuraho ingese, irangi, umwanda, cyangwa umwanda hejuru yicyuma.
Gutoragura
Urupapuro rwo gutoranya rukozwe mu rupapuro rwohejuru rushyushye ruzengurutswe nkibikoresho fatizo, kandi igice cya oxyde gikurwaho nigice cyo gutoragura, kugikata, no kurangiza.Igicuruzwa giciriritse hagati yamasahani, hashingiwe ku kwemeza ubuziranenge bwubuso no gukoresha ibisabwa, bifasha abakoresha kugabanya neza igiciro cyamasoko.
Gutoranya Impapuro Ibyiza
1. Ubwiza bwubuso ni bwiza, kubera ko igipimo cyicyuma cya oxyde yo hejuru kivanwa mumasahani ashyushye ashyushye, azamura ubwiza bwicyuma kandi akorohereza gusudira, gusiga amavuta no gusiga amarangi.
2. Ukuri kurwego rwo hejuru, nyuma yo gusibanganya, imiterere yisahani irashobora guhinduka kurwego runaka, bityo bikagabanya gutandukana kwuburinganire.
3. Itezimbere kurangiza kandi ikongera isura.
Porogaramu
Birashobora kuvugwa ko urupapuro rwo gutoranya nigicuruzwa cyigiciro cyinshi hagati yimpapuro zikonje kandi zishyushye.Ifite porogaramu zitandukanye mu nganda z’imodoka, inganda z’imashini, ibikoresho by’inganda zoroheje no gushyira kashe ku bice bitandukanye, nk'ibiti, ibiti byo munsi, ibiti, imashini, imashini zitwara abagenzi, abafana, ingoma ya peteroli y’imiti, imiyoboro isudira, amashanyarazi akabati, uruzitiro, urwego rwicyuma, nibindi, bifite isoko ryagutse.Hasi aha tuzerekana uburyo bwa tekiniki yuburyo bwo gutoragura.
Ihame ryo gutoranya
Gutoragura ni inzira yubuso ikoresha igisubizo cya aside kugirango ikureho igipimo ningese hejuru yicyuma, mubisanzwe hamwe no gufata amashusho mbere.Mubisanzwe, igihangano cyinjijwe mumuti wa chimique nka acide sulfurike kugirango ukureho okiside nizindi firime hejuru yicyuma, aribwo buryo bwo kuvura mbere cyangwa kuvura hagati ya electroplating, enamel, kuzunguruka nibindi bikorwa.Bizwi kandi koza neza.
Uburyo bwo gutoragura burimo cyane cyane uburyo bwo gutoragura, uburyo bwo gutoragura spray hamwe nuburyo bwo gukuraho ingese ya aside.
Acide ikoreshwa ahanini ni acide sulfurike, aside hydrochloric, aside fosifori, aside nitric, aside chromic, aside hydrofluoric na aside ivanze.
Inzira
Kumanika ku byuma → Kwangiza imiti (kwangiza imiti isanzwe ya alkaline cyangwa kugabanuka kwa surfactant) → gukaraba amazi ashyushye → gukaraba amazi → intambwe yambere yo gutoranya nk: amabara yimiti → gusubiramo → gukaraba amazi → kuvura gukomera → Gukaraba → Kuvura → Gukaraba → Kuma → Byarangiye).
Inenge Zisanzwe
Igipimo cya Iron oxyde yinjira: Kwinjira kwicyuma cya oxyde ni inenge yubuso bwakozwe mugihe cyo kuzunguruka.Nyuma yo gutoragura, ikunze gukanda muburyo bwududomo twumukara nuduce, ubuso burakomeye, muri rusange bufite ukuboko, kandi bugaragara rimwe na rimwe cyangwa cyane.Bikunze guterwa nuburyo bwo gushyushya bidatunganye, inzira yo kumanuka no gutembera neza.
Ikibanza cya Oxygene (gushushanya ibishushanyo mbonera): bivuga akadomo gasa, umurongo cyangwa imeze nkicyobo gisigaye nyuma yubunini bwa okiside yicyuma hejuru yicyuma gishyushye cyogejwe.Kuzunguruka bikanda muri matrix, bigaragazwa nyuma yo gutoragura.Ifite ingaruka runaka kubigaragara, ariko ntabwo bigira ingaruka kumikorere.
Macular: ibibara byumuhondo bigaragara kumurongo cyangwa hejuru yubuyobozi bwose, bidashobora gutwikirwa nyuma yo gusiga amavuta, bigira ingaruka kumiterere no kugaragara kwibicuruzwa.Impamvu nyamukuru nuko ibikorwa byubuso bwumurongo uvuye mu kigega cyo gutoragura ari hejuru, amazi yogeje ananirwa gukaraba umurongo mubisanzwe, urumuri rwa spray na nozzle yikigega cyogejwe birahagarikwa, kandi inguni ntizingana.
Gutoragura munsi: Ubuso bwicyuma cya strip gifite umunzani wa oxyde ya okide yaho idakuwe neza kandi idahagije, kandi hejuru yisahani ni umukara-umukara, ufite umunzani wamafi cyangwa amazi atambitse.Ifite ikintu gifitanye isano na acide, cyane cyane ko aside irike idahagije, ubushyuhe ntabwo buri hejuru, umurongo uragenda vuba cyane, kandi umurongo ntushobora kwibizwa muri aside.
Kurenza urugero: Ubuso bwicyuma cya strip akenshi ni umukara wijimye cyangwa umukara wijimye, werekana blok, ibibara byirabura byijimye cyangwa macula, kandi ubuso bwisahani muri rusange.Impamvu ni ikinyuranyo cyo gutoranya.
Umwanda w’ibidukikije
Umwanda wingenzi mubikorwa byumusaruro ni ugusukura amazi mabi yakozwe nuburyo bwo koza amazi murwego rwose, umukungugu utangwa nigikorwa cyo gutera umucanga, igihu cya hydrogène chloride acide yakozwe nigikorwa cyo gutoragura, hamwe n’imyanda ikorwa no gutoragura, kwoza, fosifatiya, kutabogama hamwe nuburyo bwo kwirinda ingese.Amazi ya tanki, ibisigazwa by'imyanda, ibikoresho byo kuyungurura imyanda, ibikoresho fatizo birimo ubusa n'ibikoresho byo gupakira, n'ibindi. Umwanda nyamukuru ni hydrogène chloride, pH, SS, COD, BOD?, Azote ya amoniya, peteroli, nibindi.
Gusukura Laser
Ihame ry'isuku
Imashini isukurani ugukoresha ingufu za laser kugirango zinjire hejuru yikintu.Electron ziri mubikoresho zikurura imbaraga zinyeganyega zigera kuri 100 femtosekond, kandi zikabyara plasma hejuru yibikoresho.Nyuma ya picosekond 7-10, ingufu za electron zihererekanwa kuri lattice hanyuma akazu gatangira kunyeganyega.Nyuma ya picosekond, ikintu gitangira kubyara ubushyuhe bwa macro, kandi ibikoresho byaho byerekanwa na laser bitangira gushyuha, gushonga no guhumeka, kugirango bigere ku ntego yo gukora isuku.
Isuku Inzira & Ingaruka
Ugereranije nuburyo bwo gutoragura, sisitemu yo koza lazeri iroroshye cyane, nta kwitabwaho bisabwa, kandi imirimo yo gukora isuku yo kuvanaho amavuta, gukuramo ibice bya okiside no gukuraho ingese irashobora gukorwa icyarimwe.Gusa fungura igikoresho kugirango uzimye urumuri, hanyuma usukure.
Sisitemu yo gukora isuku ya Laser irashobora kugera kurwego rwo hejuru rwogukora inganda murwego rwa Sa3, hafi ya byose ntago byangiza ubukana, hydrophilicity na hydrophobicity yubutaka bwibintu.Nibyuzuye kuruta gutoragura.
Ibyiza n'ibibi
Ibikorwa bitemba nibisabwa
Ugereranije nigikoresho cyo gutoranya hamwe nibikorwa birenga icumi, isuku ya laser yageze kubikorwa byoroshye kandi ahanini byageze ku ntambwe imwe.Bigabanya cyane igihe cyo gukora isuku no gutakaza ibikoresho.
Uburyo bwo gutoranya bufite ibyangombwa bisabwa mubikorwa: igihangano kigomba kuba cyangiritse rwose kugirango harebwe ubwiza bwo gukuraho ingese;kwibanda k'umuti wo gutoranya bigenzurwa kugirango wirinde igihangano cyangirika kubera aside nyinshi;ubushyuhe bugenzurwa ukurikije ibisobanuro byakozwe kugirango wirinde kwangirika ku kazi kandi Ibikoresho bitera ruswa;ikigega cyo gutoragura kibika buhoro buhoro, kibuza umuyoboro ushyushya nibindi bikoresho byo kugenzura, kandi bigomba kuvaho buri gihe;mubyongeyeho, birakenewe kwitondera igihe cyo gutoragura, igitutu cyo gutera inshinge, gusohora ibikorwa, ibikoresho bisohora, nibindi.
Isuku ya Laser irashobora kumenya imikorere isa nubupfu cyangwa niyo ikora idafite abadereva nyuma yo gushiraho ibipimo mubyiciro byambere.
Ingaruka zo Kwoza no Guhumanya Ibidukikije
Usibye ingaruka zikomeye zo gukora isuku, sisitemu yo gusukura laser nayo ifite ibyiza byo kwihanganira amakosa menshi.
Oxygene macular, umutuku no kwirabura akenshi bibaho kubera amakosa mumikorere yuburyo bwo gutoragura, kandi igipimo cyo kwangwa ni kinini.
Igeragezwa ryamazi ya lazeri yerekana ko niyo isuku ya laser yaba irenze urugero, iracyafite urumuri rukomeye, kandi ntirubyara hydroxide nindi myanda ihumanya, itazagira ingaruka kuburyo bukurikira bwo gutunganya nko gusudira.
Ntabwo hazabaho umwanda w’ibidukikije nkimyanda yimyanda na slag mugikorwa cyose cyo gusukura lazeri, nuburyo bwogukora icyatsi kibisi.
Igiciro Igice VS Guhindura Igiciro
Igikoresho cyo gutoranya gisaba imiti nkibikoreshwa, igiciro cyikigizwe rero nigikoresho cyo guta agaciro + ikiguzi gikoreshwa.
Imashini isukura Laser ntisaba ikindi kintu gikoreshwa usibye kugura ibikoresho.Igiciro cyikiguzi ni uguta agaciro ibikoresho.
Kubwibyo, uko igipimo kinini cyogusukura nigihe kinini cyimyaka, nigiciro cyikiguzi cyo gusukura lazeri.
Ibigize umurongo utanga umusaruro bisaba inzira zigoye, kandi igipimo cyibikoresho byo gutoragura ibikoresho bitandukanye byicyuma ntabwo ari kimwe, bityo umurongo wo guhindura ibintu bisaba ikiguzi kinini cyo guhindura, nibikoresho byuma bigomba gusukurwa mugihe gito; ni ingaragu kandi ntishobora guhinduka byoroshye.
Nta kiguzi cyo guhindura isuku ya lazeri: nyuma yo guhindura ibipimo bya software ya mashini imwe yo gukora isuku, ingaruka zo koza icyuma cyumunota umwe na aluminiyumu ya aluminium umunota ukurikira urashobora kugerwaho.Nibyiza kubigo gushyira mubikorwa JIT umusaruro woroshye.
Vuga muri make
Isahani yo gutoranya ifite intera nini kandi yimbitse mubikorwa byinganda, kandi igira uruhare runini mugutera inkunga inganda.Nyamara, hamwe no gukomeza kuzamura inganda zikora, kongera ubushobozi no guhindura imiterere nabyo birakorwa buhoro.
Mu rwego rwo kurushaho gukangurira abaturage kwita ku bidukikije, guverinoma n’ibigo bigenda bisabwa cyane kugira ngo hashyirwemo umurongo w’umusaruro, kandi inyungu z’ibigo bifitanye isano ziragenda ziyongera.Ibidukikije muri rusange nibyiza mugusukura lazeri.
Ahari mumyaka icumi iri imbere, impapuro zo gutoranya zizaba zifite izina rishya - impapuro zoza laser.