Inganda zo mu rwego rwo hejuru no kubungabunga ingufu no kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya bikenera byihutirwa inzira ziterambere.Kubijyanye no gutunganya ubuso bwinganda, harakenewe byihutirwa kuzamura byimazeyo ikoranabuhanga nibikorwa.Inzira gakondo yo gukora isuku munganda, nko gusukura ubukanishi bwa mashini, gusukura imiti yangiza, gusukura ingaruka zikomeye, gusukura ultrasonic yumurongo mwinshi, ntabwo bifite inzitizi ndende gusa, ariko biragoye kuyikora, bigira ingaruka mbi kubidukikije, kandi bikananirwa kubigeraho ingaruka nziza yo gukora isuku.Ntishobora guhuza neza ibikenewe gutunganywa neza.
Imashini isukura neza ya Laser: Abahungabanya isuku mu nganda
Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, hamwe no kwivuguruza kugaragara hagati yo kurengera ibidukikije, gukora neza no mu buryo bunonosoye, uburyo bwo gukora isuku mu nganda burahanganye cyane.Muri icyo gihe, hagaragaye ikoranabuhanga ritandukanye ry’isuku rifasha kurengera ibidukikije kandi rikwiranye n’ibice mu rwego rwa ultra-finisation, kandi ikoranabuhanga ryo gusukura lazeri ni rimwe muri ryo.
Igitekerezo cyo Gusukura Laser
Isuku ya Laser ni tekinoroji ikoresha lazeri yibanze kugirango ikore hejuru yikintu kugirango ihumeke vuba cyangwa ikureho umwanda hejuru, kugirango isukure hejuru yibikoresho.Ugereranije nuburyo butandukanye bwogukora isuku yumubiri cyangwa imiti, isuku ya laser ifite ibiranga kutabonana, nta bikoreshwa, nta mwanda uhari, neza cyane, nta byangiritse cyangwa ibyangiritse bito, kandi ni amahitamo meza kubisekuru bishya byikoranabuhanga ryogusukura inganda.
Ihame ryimikorere ya Laser
Ihame ryimashini isukura laser iraruhije, kandi irashobora gushiramo uburyo bwumubiri nubumashini.Mubihe byinshi, inzira zumubiri ninzira nyamukuru, iherekejwe na reaction zimwe na zimwe.Inzira nyamukuru irashobora gushyirwa mubyiciro bitatu, harimo inzira ya gaze, inzira yo guhungabana, hamwe nuburyo bwo kunyeganyega.
Inzira ya Gazi
Iyo lazeri ifite ingufu nyinshi irabagirana hejuru yibikoresho, hejuru ikurura ingufu za lazeri ikayihindura ingufu zimbere, kuburyo ubushyuhe bwubuso buzamuka vuba kandi bukagera hejuru yubushyuhe bwumwuka wibintu, kugirango umwanda ube gutandukana nubuso bwibintu muburyo bwa parike.Ubuhumekero bwatoranijwe busanzwe bubaho mugihe igipimo cyo kwinjiza urumuri rwa lazeri kubihumanya hejuru kiri hejuru cyane ugereranije na substrate.Ikintu gisanzwe gikoreshwa ni ugusukura umwanda hejuru yamabuye.Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo gikurikira, ibyuka bihumanya hejuru yibuye bifite kwinjiza cyane laser kandi bigahinduka vuba.Iyo umwanda ukuweho kandi lazeri ikayangana hejuru yamabuye, iyinjizwa rifite intege nke, ingufu za lazeri nyinshi zinyanyagiye hejuru yamabuye, ihinduka ryubushyuhe bwubuso bwamabuye ni rito, kandi hejuru yamabuye harinzwe kwangirika.
Uburyo busanzwe bushingiye ku miti bubaho iyo lazeri yo mu bwoko bwa ultraviolet ikoreshwa mu koza umwanda kama, bita laser ablation.Lazeri ya Ultraviolet ifite uburebure buke bwumurongo ningufu za fotone nyinshi.Kurugero, laseri ya KrF ifite uburebure bwa 248 nm ningufu za fotone zingana na 5 eV, zikubye inshuro 40 ingufu za CO2 laser fotone (0.12 eV).Izo mbaraga nini za fotone zirahagije kugirango zisenye ingirabuzimafatizo ya organic, kuburyo CC, CH, CO, nibindi byangiza imyanda ihumeka nyuma yo gukuramo ingufu za fotone ya lazeri, bikaviramo gazi ya pyrolysis no kuyikura hejuru.
Inzira yo guhungabana
Igikorwa cyo guhungabana ni urukurikirane rwibisubizo bibaho mugihe cyo gukorana hagati ya lazeri nibikoresho, hanyuma hakavamo umuyaga mwinshi hejuru yibintu.Mugihe cyibikorwa byo guhungabana, ibyanduye hejuru biravunika bigahinduka umukungugu cyangwa imyanda ikuwe hejuru.Hariho uburyo bwinshi butera imivurungano, harimo plasma, amavuta, hamwe no kwaguka vuba nubushyuhe.Ukoresheje plasma shock waves nkurugero, birashoboka kumva muri make uburyo inzira yo guhungabana mugusukura laser ikuraho umwanda.Hamwe nogukoresha ultra-short pulse ubugari (ns) hamwe nububasha bwo hejuru cyane (107-1010 W / cm2) laseri, ubushyuhe bwubuso buzakomeza kwiyongera cyane nubwo ubuso bwinjiza lazeri byoroheje, bugera kubushyuhe bwumuyaga mukanya.Hejuru, imyuka yashizwe hejuru yubuso bwibintu, nkuko bigaragara muri (a) mumashusho akurikira.Ubushyuhe bwumwuka burashobora kugera kuri 104 - 105 K, bushobora ionize imyuka ubwayo cyangwa ikirere gikikije gukora plasma.Plasma izabuza lazeri kugera hejuru yibintu, kandi imyuka yubuso bwibintu irashobora guhagarara, ariko plasma izakomeza kwinjiza ingufu za lazeri, kandi ubushyuhe buzakomeza kwiyongera, bibe leta yaho ultra-high ubushyuhe hamwe numuvuduko mwinshi, utanga ako kanya 1-100 kbar hejuru yibikoresho.Ingaruka yimurwa buhoro buhoro imbere yibikoresho, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo (b) na (c) hepfo.Mubikorwa byumuvuduko ukabije, umwanda wubutaka wacitsemo umukungugu muto, uduce cyangwa ibice.Iyo lazeri yimuwe ikava mumwanya wa irrasiyo, plasma irazimira kandi havuka umuvuduko mubi mugace, kandi ibice cyangwa imyanda yanduye bikurwa hejuru, nkuko bigaragara mumashusho (d) hepfo.
Inzira ya Oscillation
Mubikorwa bya pulses ngufi, gushyushya no gukonjesha ibintu birihuta cyane.Kuberako ibikoresho bitandukanye bifite coefficient zitandukanye zo kwagura ubushyuhe, munsi ya irrasiyo ya lazeri ngufi, ibyanduza hejuru hamwe na substrate bizajya byiyongera cyane byumuriro no kugabanuka kurwego rwa dogere zitandukanye, bikaviramo guhindagurika, bigatuma abanduye bakuramo hejuru yubuso. ibikoresho.Muri ubu buryo bwo kuzimya, guhumeka ibintu ntibishobora kubaho, kandi plasma ntishobora kubyara.Ahubwo, imbaraga zogosha zakozwe mumbere yumwanda hamwe na substrate munsi yigikorwa cyo kunyeganyega byangiza isano iri hagati yanduye na substrate..Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko iyo impande zabaye kuri lazeri ziyongereyeho gato, imikoranire hagati ya lazeri nuduce twanduye hamwe nubutaka bwa substrate irashobora kwiyongera, inzitizi yo gusukura lazeri irashobora kugabanuka, ingaruka zinyeganyega ziragaragara, kandi gukora isuku biri hejuru.Ariko, impande zibyabaye ntizigomba kuba nini cyane.Inguni nini cyane yibyabaye bizagabanya ubwinshi bwingufu zikora hejuru yibikoresho kandi bigabanye ubushobozi bwo gukora isuku ya laser.
Inganda zikoreshwa mu gusukura Laser
Inganda
Isuku ya lazeri irashobora gutahura isuku idahuje isuku, ifite umutekano muke hejuru yububumbyi, irashobora kwemeza neza, kandi irashobora guhanagura uduce duto twa s-micron idashobora gukurwaho nuburyo busanzwe bwo gukora isuku, kugirango kugirango tugere ku byukuri bidafite umwanda, bikora neza kandi byujuje ubuziranenge.
Inganda zikoreshwa neza
Inganda zimashini zitomoye akenshi zikenera gukuraho esters hamwe namavuta yubutare akoreshwa mugusiga amavuta no kurwanya ruswa mubice, mubisanzwe imiti, kandi gusukura imiti akenshi bisiga ibisigazwa.Laser deesterification irashobora gukuraho burundu esters hamwe namavuta yubutare bitarinze kwangiza ubuso bwibice.Lazeri iteza gazisiyasi iturika hejuru ya oxyde ya oxyde hejuru yikigice kugirango habeho ihungabana, bikavamo gukuraho ibyanduye aho gukorana nubukanishi.
Inganda za Gariyamoshi
Kugeza ubu, isuku yose yabanjirije gusudira ya gari ya moshi ifata uruziga rwo gusya hamwe no gukanda umukandara wo gusya, ibyo bikaba byangiza cyane substrate hamwe n’ingutu zikomeye zisigaye, kandi bigatwara ibintu byinshi byo gusya ibiziga buri mwaka, bikaba bihenze kandi bitera uburemere umwanda uhumanya ibidukikije.Isuku ya Laser irashobora gutanga tekinoroji yo mu rwego rwo hejuru kandi ikora neza kugirango isuku yicyatsi kibisi kugirango igihugu cyanjye cyihuta cyane gishyiraho gari ya moshi, gikemure ibibazo byavuzwe haruguru, gikureho inenge zo gusudira nkibyobo bya gari ya moshi hamwe n’ahantu h'imvi, kandi bitezimbere umutekano n’umutekano by’igihugu cyanjye -umuvuduko wa gari ya moshi.
Inganda zindege
Ubuso bwindege bugomba gusiga irangi nyuma yigihe runaka, ariko irangi ryumwimerere rigomba kuvaho burundu mbere yo gushushanya.Kunywa imiti / guhanagura nuburyo bukuru bwo kwambura irangi murwego rwindege.Ubu buryo butanga umusaruro mwinshi wimyanda ifasha imiti, kandi ntibishoboka kugera kubikorwa byaho no kwambura amarangi.Iyi nzira ni umurimo uremereye kandi wangiza ubuzima.Isuku ya Laser ituma ikuraho irangi ryiza kurwego rwuruhu rwindege kandi byikora byoroshye kubyara umusaruro.Kugeza ubu, tekinoroji yo gusukura lazeri yakoreshejwe mu kubungabunga moderi zimwe na zimwe zo mu rwego rwo hejuru.
Inganda zo mu bwato
Kugeza ubu, isuku mbere yo gukora amato ikoresha uburyo bwo guturika umucanga.Uburyo bwo guturika umucanga bwateje umwanda mwinshi ivumbi ku bidukikije kandi bwarahagaritswe buhoro buhoro, bituma ibicuruzwa n’ubwato bigabanuka cyangwa bihagarikwa.Ikoranabuhanga rya Laser rizatanga igisubizo kibisi kandi kitarangwamo umwanda wo kurwanya ruswa yatewe hejuru yubwato.
Intwaro
Tekinoroji yo gusukura Laser yakoreshejwe cyane mukubungabunga intwaro.Sisitemu yo gusukura lazeri irashobora gukuraho ingese nibihumanya neza kandi vuba, kandi irashobora guhitamo igice cyogusukura kugirango tumenye kwikora.Gukoresha isuku ya lazeri, ntabwo isuku yonyine iri hejuru yuburyo bwo gusukura imiti, ariko kandi nta byangiza hafi yikintu.Mugushiraho ibipimo bitandukanye, imashini isukura lazeri irashobora kandi gukora firime irinda oxyde ikingira cyangwa icyuma cyo gushonga ibyuma hejuru yibyuma kugirango byongere imbaraga zubutaka hamwe no kurwanya ruswa.Imyanda yakuweho na laser ntabwo ahanini yangiza ibidukikije, kandi irashobora no gukorerwa intera ndende, igabanya neza ibyangiritse kubuzima bwumukoresha.
Kubaka Inyuma
Harimo kubakwa amazu menshi cyane, kandi ikibazo cyogusukura kubaka inkuta zinyuma cyagaragaye cyane.Sisitemu yo koza lazeri isukura inkuta zinyuma zinyubako binyuze muri fibre optique.Umuti ufite uburebure bwa metero 70 urashobora guhanagura neza imyanda ihumanya ku mabuye atandukanye, ibyuma ndetse nikirahure, kandi imikorere yayo irarenze cyane iy'isuku isanzwe.Irashobora kandi gukuraho ibibara byirabura hamwe nibibara mumabuye atandukanye mumazu.Ikizamini cyogusukura sisitemu yo gusukura lazeri ku nyubako n’inzibutso zamabuye byerekana ko isuku ya laser igira ingaruka nziza mukurinda isura yinyubako za kera.
Inganda za elegitoroniki
Inganda za elegitoroniki zikoresha lazeri kugirango zikureho okiside: Inganda za elegitoroniki zisaba kwanduza cyane, kandi deoxidation ya laser irakwiriye cyane.Amapine yibigize agomba kuba yanduye neza mbere yo kugurisha ikibaho kugirango harebwe neza amashanyarazi kandi amapine ntagomba kwangirika mugihe cyo kwanduza.Isuku ya Laser irashobora kuba yujuje ibisabwa kugirango ikoreshwe, kandi imikorere irakomeye cyane, kandi irasabwa gusa lazeri imwe kuri buri nshinge.
Uruganda rukora ingufu za kirimbuzi
Sisitemu yo gusukura Laser nayo ikoreshwa mugusukura imiyoboro ya reaction mumashanyarazi ya kirimbuzi.Ikoresha fibre optique kugirango yinjize urumuri rwinshi rwa laser mumashanyarazi kugirango ikureho umukungugu wa radio, kandi ibikoresho bisukuye biroroshye kubisukura.Kandi kubera ko ikorerwa kure, umutekano w'abakozi urashobora kwizerwa.
Incamake
Inganda zateye imbere muri iki gihe zahindutse urwego rwo hejuru mu marushanwa mpuzamahanga.Nka sisitemu yateye imbere mugukora laser, imashini isukura laser ifite amahirwe menshi yo gukoresha agaciro mugutezimbere inganda.Gutezimbere cyane tekinoroji yo gusukura laser ifite akamaro gakomeye mubikorwa byubukungu niterambere ryimibereho.